Work Capability Assessment
(WCA)
The Work Capability Assessment is a medical assessment used by the DWP to determine whether a Universal Credit claimant has limited capability for work or limited capability for work-related activity due to a physical or mental health condition or disability. It involves a questionnaire and usually a face-to-face or telephone assessment. The outcome affects the level of conditionality applied to the claimant and the amount of Universal Credit they receive.
The Work Capability Assessment produces three possible outcomes: fit for work (no element added, full work-search conditionality applies); Limited Capability for Work (LCW — some conditionality removed, work-preparation activities expected); or Limited Capability for Work-Related Activity (LCWRA — all conditionality removed, additional element of £423.27/month paid in 2025/26). The process begins with form UC50, completed by the claimant and supported where possible by medical evidence from a GP or specialist. A healthcare professional then assesses the claimant — this can be face-to-face, by telephone, or on paper. If you disagree with the outcome, you must request a mandatory reconsideration before you can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Social Entitlement Chamber). Success rates at tribunal are high — around 70% of LCWRA appeals are allowed.